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Physical states tell us about the visible forms of elements/compound. Above both the balanced equations do not tell us anything about the physical state of elements / molecules of reactant and product.
To make a chemical equation more informative, the physical states of the reactants and products are mentioned along with their chemical formulae. The gaseous, liquid, aqueous and solid states of reactants and products are represented by the notations (g), (l), (aq) and (s), respectively.
The word aqueous (aq) is used when reactant or product is soluble in water or dissolve in water.
The symbols of physical states:
Now applying these symbols of physical state we have the balanced equation – I
3Fe (s) + 4H2O (g) → Fe3O4 (s) + 4H2(g)
// Here we see that H2O is gaseous state it means it is water vapour or steam. //
Sometimes we write the reaction conditions like temperature, pressure and catalyst etc. i.e. heat, sunlight, catalyst like nickel, palladium, chlorophyll etc.
Examples:
(i)
(ii)
Any reaction that produces a precipitate can be called a precipitation reaction.
Na2SO4(aq) + BaCl2(aq) → BaSO2(s) + 2NaCl(aq)
(Sodium sulphate) + (Barium chloride) → (Barium sulphate) + (Sodium chloride)
The white precipitate of BaSO4 is formed by the reaction of SO4 and Ba. The other product formed is sodium chloride which remains in the solution.
This white precipitate BaSO4 is insoluble in water;
Precipitate: This insoluble substance formed is known as a precipitate.
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